R290 – Green but Highly Flammable

R290 is a natural refrigerant belonging to the A3 group of highly flammable, low-toxic substances. From the point of view of efficiency and environmental impact, it has many advantages: zero impact on the ozone layer, low GWP, very good thermodynamic properties. However, due to its flammability, its use requires special care.

What does the law say? ATEX directive and technical standards

The use of A3 refrigerant in a refrigeration unit is subject to EU regulations. The key documents are:

• ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU – specifies requirements for equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.
• ISO 5149 and EN 378 standards – define, among other things, the maximum allowable amounts of refrigerant and the level of safety features required in refrigeration equipment.

According to current regulations, if the amount of R290 refrigerant in the system exceeds 150 g, the unit must be equipped with ATEX-compliant electrical components. This includes fan motors that, in the event of a leak, could come into contact with the flammable gas mixture.

Is ATEX required for smaller charges?

For equipment where the amount of R290 refrigerant does not exceed 150 g, the obligation to use ATEX components does not formally exist. Therefore, many manufacturers in compact monoblocks and refrigeration systems do not have ATEX components because they fall within this limit. But does this mean that such a solution is completely safe?

Why AiFO Components recommends ATEX-certified motors

At AiFO Components, we go beyond the legal minimum. Although our monoblocks have hermetic refrigeration systems with R290 dosage < 150 g and legally we do not have to use ATEX components – we use them consciously. We believe that modern design is not only about regulatory compliance, but also about anticipating risks and being responsible to the end user.

We use ATEX-certified EC motors because:

• Increase safety – reduces the risk of ignition when the system is unsealed.
• They are energy efficient – using up to 70% less energy than traditional AC motors.
• They are maintenance-free and durable – no brushes, longer life, quieter operation.
• They are compliant with upcoming regulations – preparing your device for the future (ESPR, EED, REACH).

Summary

At this point, R290 is the future of refrigeration – a natural, efficient and environmentally friendly refrigerant. But with its use also comes responsibility. Although the law allows the use of non-certified components with a small amount of refrigerant, at AiFO Components we choose premium solutions: ATEX-compliant EC motors that provide maximum safety and efficiency.

Do you have a question? Contact our team in the CONTACT tab – we’ll help you choose the right solution.